The First International Symposium on City Planning and Environmental Management in Asian Countries
at Hasanuddin University, Ujung Pandang, INDONESIA
Organised by
ASIAN URBAN RESEARCH GROUP
Proceedings
CONTENTS
KEYNOTE ADDRESS
1. Satoshi Hagishima:
"Environmental Planning Expert System by Japanese and Korean Experiences, and an Application to Ujung Pandang in Indonesia"
PART I: EXPERT SYSTEM
2. Akira Ohgai, Koujiro Watanabe, Jongchul Park, Myeng Gyun Lee, Keiichiro Hitaka, Yuru Wu:
"Development of a Fuzzy Expert System for Supporting an Environmental Management Using
Landsat TM Data"
3. Ananto Yudono, Shinji Ikaruga, Dong-Bae Lee, Shi-Chen Zhao, Nobuaki Satani:
"Expert System Supporting Land Use Planning in Ujung Pandang"
4. Yuji Kobayashi, Seiji Sato, Takafumi Arima, Yongha Kim, Ickhwan Kim:
"Industrial Location Planning Support Expert System"
5. Shigeyuki Kurose, Koji Oshima, Ananto Yudono:
"An Expert System for Determining the Road Layout Types and Widths of Commercial Streets
6. Tatsuyuki Sugahara, Nam-Gak Kim, Tokiko Ito, Keiichiro Hitaka, Shi-Chen Zhao:
"Expert System to Support Setting Out Plan for Preventing Contamination Based on Kitakyushu City Government Experiences"
PART II: INDUSTRIAL PROVINCIAL CITY
7. Tomoyoshi Hori, Keiichiro Hitaka, Shinji Ikaruga:
"Characteristics and Problems of Asian Urbanization from View Point of City Planning"
8. "Dong-Bae Lee, Yongha Kim, Sepyo Hong, Tomoyoshi Hori, Tokiko Ito:
"A Study on the Development Process of Inchon as Industrial City and Its On-Going Trend of Transformation"
9. Jongchul Park, Akira Ohgai, Yuru Wu:
"The Role of Urban Planning in Forming an Industrial Location in Mokpo, Korea"
10. Ananto Yudono, Koji Oshima, Shigeyuki Kurose:
"Street Vendor Characteristics Concerning Urban Planning and Design in Ujung Pandang"
11. Ickhwan Kim, Sato Seiji, Takafumi Arima:
"The Changing Phases of Urban Spatial Structure Caused by Preparation of Industrial Complexes"
12. Yurianto Sumalyo:
"Dutch Colonial Architecture and City Development of Ujung Pandang"
PART III: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
13. Takashi Deguchi:
"The Genealogy of Railway Technology in Northern Kyushu"
14. Slamet Torisutomo:
"A Centered Spatial Structure and Its Influence on the Building Density in Ujung Pandang"
15. Nam-Gak Kim, Tatsuyuki Sugahara, Akira Ohgai, Takafumi Arima:
"Current Situation in the Urban Planning Education in Korea"
16. Shinji Ikaruga, Suhadiyah Sri, Takeru Sakai, Hideki Sakimoto, Satoshi Hagishima:
"Characteristics of River Landscape Structure in UKIYO-E Art"
2. "Development of a Fuzzy Expert System for Supporting an Environmental Management Using Landsat TM Data"
Akira Ohgai 1, Kohjiro Watanabe 1, Jongchul Park 2, Myeng Gyun Lee 1, Keiichiro HITAKA 3, Yuru WU 4
Abstract
In order to apply an environmental management support system to developing countries for their industrial development planning, we attempt to arrange various kinds of knowledge about environmental management and preservation in Japan and Korea, and build the knowledge-based prototype system with fuzzy inference. In developing the system, we emphasize how we can build the system using the restricted data. Moreover, we utilize
Landsat TM data for a substitute of land use and vegetation data, propose the method of evaluating green and agricultural land areas and incorporate them into fuzzy inference. Finally, through an application of the system to Japanese and Korean cities, we examine the system validity and usefulness of Landsat data and fuzzy inference for the system development.
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3. EXPERT SYSTEM SUPPORTING LAND USE PLANNING IN UJUNGPANDANG CITY
Abstract
This study aims to describe the development of an expert system supporting land use planning in developing countries (Ujungpandang in Indonesia). Knowledge of expert system and various existing geographical informations from Kitakyushu-shi and Oita-shi in Japan, and Inchon City and Mokpo City in South Korea are transformed to mesh data. Many cities in Japan and South Korea supported a high growth rate. By formularization and modelling knowledge for urban developing process and land use, this study applied these experiences to developing countries. In developing the system, with the use of the mesh data, the importance is attached on the following problems: the assignment based on the trend of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP); and the link to external data base files. It is expected that the introduction of expert system for supporting land use planning into the land use planning brings the following effects: the time saving for a set of land use planing tasks; the prevention of misjudgement for the large amount and various kinds of information.
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4. Industrial Location Plan Support Expert System
- Expert System for Industrial Development Planning with Environmental Management -
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop the Industrial Location Plan Support Expert System in order to support the industrial development in a city. This system is a sub-system of Industrial Development Planning Expert System with environmental management and subordinate position plan of 'Environmental Management Plan' and 'Land Use Plan'. Initially, the current state of industrial land use and social factors, characteristics of the city and region, and the relationships between industrial land use and environmental factors will be clarified. The factors that influence a business category to locate in a city are clarified by industrial category. This analysis is applied to all business categories and the overall policy effect of industrial location and the effect of location by category.
Secondly, we construct an industrial location plan support expert system using the knowledge and guideline of industrial location obtained from the analysis. The knowledge base was obtained from Oita City in Japan and Mokpo City in Korea. This system finally will be applied to Ujung Pandang City in Indonesia. In this paper, the system which is constructed is applied to Oita City and Mokpo City for inspecting propriety it, this system is inspected availability and exactly, and it is applied to Ujung Pandang City. Knowledge is get by this process, the suggestion of industrial location plan in a city is made.
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6. EXPERT SYSTEM TO SUPPORT SETTING OUT PLAN FOR PREVENTING CONTAMINATION, BASED ON KITAKYUSHU CITY GOVERNMENT EXPERIENCES
Abstract
Herein this paper, changes of the administrative organization or system in association with the measures for prevention against pollution (protection of environment) which had ever been taken under responsibility of Kitakyushu City Government including those but not limited to changes of the situations in respect of environmental contamination, the relation between environment and economic activities, the critical measures and system in connection with prevention of pollution and the measures ever taken by private sectors are shown after having been arranged in better order. Through this paper, Author proposes to release the information obtained from the past experience through the activities made until the time when problems of pollution had been overcome after having been arranged in better order by means with the expert system to be constructed from now.
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7. CHARACTERISTICS AND PROBLEMS OF ASIAN URBANIZATION
FROM VIEW POINT OF CITY PLANNING
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the present condition of the urbanization of Asia, that is continuing the remarkable economical development today, and then to clarify the problems of the city planning. Therefore, to begin with, we review the development stage of the Asian economy and analyze the urbanization of Asia from the aspects of population, industry, improvement level of urban facilities, urban life, education level, land use, the diffusion of consumer durables, and so on. Next, we will analyze the present condition and problem of the urbanization of Japan, which is one step ahead and has a similarity in Asia, in order to find out the items that are helpful to the urbanization of Asia.
As the conclusion next information is obtained. From the view point of the city planning, the design of urbanization of the types of "high-density housing in city centers", "land use mix" and "saving energy" is necessary. This is the method that the Asian cities will not lose their "energy and chaos".
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8. A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF INCHON AS INDUSTRIAL CITY AND ITS ON-GOING TREND OF TRANSFORMATION
Abstract
The city of Inchon entered on the stage of modern history through opening of the port in 1883. At first Inchon played her role as gateway to Korea and as a center of international politics and trade. It was during the period of Japanese occupation of Korea (1910-1945) that Inchon began to grown up as an industrial town. However, Inchon had to wait until to the end of Korean War to start the transformation into veritable industrial city. Her development in industry, backed up by the endeavor of central government for industrialization, was remarkable one during the decades of sixties and seventies. At present the change of both international and domestic circumstances enhances, higher the situation of Inchon and urges the city to go through another chance of transformation. In this study we made description on the development process of Inchon so as to be able to look into the context of the evolution and understand the mechanism of development through a case of industrial city in a country on the way of development.
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9. THE ROLE OF URBAN PLANNING IN FORMING AN INDUSTRIAL LOCATION IN MOKPO, KOREA
Abstract
The objectives of this study are to seek to outline the mode of change which has occurred over the past 100 years to establish the formation of an industrial location in Mokpo, to examinethe roles and limitations of the urban planning which should control every location of industrywithin the confines of the city, and to find ways to secure a systematic response to future needs by improving the control of power.The
results of this study can be summarized as follows:
(1) In the process of developing an industrial location, industries were free to situate themselves without definite regulations regarding location. Once the Industrial Complex was formed, they were confined to its parameters. This industrial complex was not formed by the efforts of urban planning carried out on the city level, but by the effect of industrial development programs on the state government level.
(2) Urban development and the location of industry have undergone independently changes of each other with no consideration for their mutual relationship. Furthermore, the peculiar standards of each project were not fully examined.
(3) The major reasons why urban planning could not take an important role in the location of industry can be examined as follows: First, though the designations for industrial locations should be done within the usage zones of the industry district, this rule was not observed. Second, there were no incentive measures which would serve to draw industry from free locations into the industrial district. Third, they excluded the application of urban planning laws and preferred the laws on industrial location and development. The current law, in and of itself, should prefer 'planning' laws; but an error was made when they chose to stress 'operation' laws.
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10. STREET VENDOR CHARACTERISTICS CONCERNING URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN IN UJUNGPANDANG CITY, INDONESIA
Abstract
This study explores the urban problems which generated by street vendors, the characteristics of street vendors, and the role of co-operation and the municipal government. Using cross tabulation and descriptive analysis this study finds some unique characteristics of street vendors, and finds the role of co-operation which significant to be considered carefully by urban planner, urban designer and urban manager. These findings aware us that the street vendor growth and it's activities has a strong influences to the urban performance and urban development.
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11. THE CHANGING PHASES OF URBAN SPATIAL STRUCTURE CAUSED BY PREPARATION OF INDUSTRIAL COMPLEXES
Abstract
In this paper, the changes of the urban space structure are analyzed, focusing on the temporal change of industrial complex formation in Kumi, Korea. The results of analysis indicated that :
1) The spatial formation of the urban structure is deeply associated with the preparaion the industrial complexes, and is dependent on the phase of forming idustrial complexes. Therefore, the urban spatial structure has been changed.
2) The rear residential area in industrial complexes is not combined with the old town, forming the multi-nuclear city.
3) Because the investment on the infra-structure is poor during the forming stage of the industrial complex, the total development of the city is not concurrently linked with the industrial complex preparation.
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12. DUTCH COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE AND CITY DEVELOPMENT OF UJUNG PANDANG
Abstract
Indonesian's old cities as the sites of government, trading, and ports have been established before the arrival of the Europeans. The form and pattern of settlements which served as the centers of the hinterlands were influenced by Indian or Hindu and afterwards by Chinese and European cultures. Ujung Pandang is the new name of a the biggest city in eastern part of Indonesia, in South Sulawesi, since 1970s of more well known name before of Makassar. The city has been the dominant trading center in East Archipelago (Nusantara ). Its strategic location on South West peninsula of the sprawling island of Sulawesi gave it excellent access to the busy sea lanes of Java Sea, the Makassar straits, the Celebes and Banda seas, and hence to many local trading networks as well as to the crucial long distance trade with India, China, and ultimately with Europe. The history of the city of Ujung Pandang began with the fort which was turned into the site of government, military and trade after the destruction of the Somba Opu fort. Even though the city was established during the Dutch colonial period, nonetheless despite of its similarities, there were principal differences with cities in Java.
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13. The Genealogy of Railway Technology in Northern Kyushu
Abstract
In Japan, the genealogy of the railway technology has been generalized that the English style was applied in Honshu, the American style in Hokkaido and the German style in Kyushu. But, this generalization is not appropriate from my study on the detailed history of the northern Kyushu, where the first railway of Kyushu was constructed, and of the Kyushu-Tetsudo (Kyushu Railway Company), which finally established the railway network in the northern Kyushu by amalgamating with other local private railway companies. The actual situation was as follows. The technology was a compound technology. Imported machinery and materials from Germany, the UK and the USA mingled with each other. And, it was based on the fruits of the technical transfer from the UK. This technical transfer was progressing in the Honshu area based on the engineering education originated from the UK.
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14. A CENTERED SPATIAL STRUCTURE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE BUILDING DENSITY IN UJUNGPANDANG COASTAL AREA, INDONESIA
Abstract
A water body is useful as a waterway infrastructure and as an attractive natural resource for public enjoyment. These roles are able to generate a city spatial structure and push the use of land at the waterfront intensively. The objectives of this paper are to examine the role of the existence of Makassar straits in the formation of city spatial structure of Ujungpandang, and the influence of the spatial structure on the building density at the waterfront area. The conclusions are, initially, the spatial city structure was planned based on the advantages of Makassar Straits. The recent city structure remains concentrating at the waterfront area, makes the use of land in the waterfront area is at a high level of density. To keep the quality of the waterfront as a public enjoyment, the local government is suggested to control the growth of building and to encourage the growth in the sub center.
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15. CURRENT SITUATION IN THE URBAN PLANNING EDUCATION IN KOREA
Abstract
Educational system for Urban Planning in Korea are summarized in this article. At first, current situation of Urban Planning at university level in Korea will be analyzed and discussed in terms of different education system and their curricula. Secondly, problems in the education for Urban Planning will be discussed and some suggestion will be made to improve the education system with respect to curricular and practical application.
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16. CHARACTERISTICS OF RIVER LANDSCAPE IN UKIYO-E ART
Abstract
This paper examines a course of arrangements for the river scapes. To be specific, the waterscape drawn by HIROSHIGE which are considered model paintings in Japan were picked up to clarify the landscape type he drew known as "picturesque river scape". By analyzing drawn landscape elements and compositions, the river scapes were classified into five types. The river scapes then were evaluated for impression by intellectual persons, and the relations between typical river scapes and some adjectival phrases which represent the impression they have were examined by using "Hayashi Quantification Theory II". With these analyses, important guidelines for today's landscape design of river area were clarified.
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Background image : Ujung Pandang (Landsat TM scene true color)
Please send comments to Akira Ohgai(aohgai@urban.tutrp.tut.ac.jp)
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